Jul 10, 2026
What Is Thumb Arthritis? Signs You Have It & How to Treat It
Welcome to "Movement Matters," Your Guide to Wellness!
Written by Dr. Rachael MacGregor DPT, DMT, FAAOMPT
Have you noticed pain when opening a jar, turning a key, texting, or gripping a coffee mug? If so, you may be experiencing thumb arthritis, one of the most common forms of arthritis affecting the hand.
The good news? There are many effective treatments that can reduce pain, improve strength, and help you continue doing the activities you enjoy.
What Is Thumb Arthritis?
Thumb arthritis, also called basal joint arthritis, occurs when the cartilage at the base of the thumb gradually wears down. Without this protective cartilage, the bones begin rubbing together, causing pain, stiffness, and decreased function.
While it becomes more common with age, previous injuries, repetitive hand use, and family history can increase your risk.
Common Signs & Symptoms?
✅ Pain at the base of your thumb when gripping or pinching
✅ Difficulty opening jars or bottles
✅ Pain while turning doorknobs or keys
✅ Weakness when pinching or grasping objects
✅ Swelling or tenderness near the base of the thumb
✅ Stiffness, especially in the morning
✅ A bump or enlarged joint near the base of the thumb as arthritis progresses
How Is It Diagnosed?
A healthcare provider or physical therapist can often identify thumb arthritis through:
Your medical history and symptoms
A physical examination of thumb movement and strength
Special tests to reproduce symptoms
X-rays, when appropriate, to determine the severity of joint changes
How can Physical Therapy help?
Physical therapy is often one of the first treatments recommended and may include:
Gentle joint mobilization
Thumb and hand strengthening exercises
Improving pinch and grip mechanics
Stretching tight muscles
Activity modification education
Manual therapy to improve mobility
Home exercise programs designed specifically for your symptoms
Splinting
A supportive thumb brace can help reduce stress on the joint during daily activities and calm painful flare-ups.
Medications
Your physician may recommend anti-inflammatory medications or topical pain-relieving creams to help manage symptoms.
Injections
For persistent pain, corticosteroid injections may provide temporary relief.
Surgery
When conservative treatment no longer provides relief, surgical options may be considered for advanced arthritis. Fortunately, many individuals are able to manage their symptoms successfully without surgery.
Simple Tips to Protect Your Thumb
✔ Use larger-handled kitchen utensils and tools when possible.
✔ Avoid prolonged pinching or gripping.
✔ Use both hands to lift heavier objects.
✔ Take frequent breaks during repetitive tasks.
✔ Perform your prescribed hand exercises consistently.
✔ Don't ignore pain—early treatment often leads to better outcomes.
When Should You Seek Help?
If thumb pain is making everyday activities difficult or your symptoms continue to worsen, it's time to seek an evaluation. Early treatment can improve hand function, reduce pain, and help you stay independent.
We're Here to Help!
At Restore Movement Physical Therapy, we specialize in helping people stay active through personalized, one-on-one care. Whether you're struggling with arthritis, recovering from an injury, or simply looking to move with less pain, we're here to help you get back to doing what you love.
Move Better. Feel Better. Live Better.