Oct 27, 2025
Understanding Knee Arthritis: What It Is and How to Manage It
Welcome to "Movement Matters," Your Guide to Wellness!
Written by Dr. Rachael MacGregor DPT, DMT, FAAOMPT
If you’ve ever felt stiffness, swelling, or pain in your knees—especially first thing in the morning or after sitting for a while—you’re not alone. These may be signs of knee arthritis, one of the most common causes of knee pain in adults.
What Is Knee Arthritis?
Knee arthritis occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions your knee joint begins to wear down. Over time, this leads to increased friction, inflammation, and pain. The most common type is osteoarthritis, often called “wear and tear” arthritis, but there are also forms like rheumatoid arthritis and post-traumatic arthritis (after an injury)
Common Signs and Symptoms
Pain that worsens with activity and improves with rest
Stiffness, especially in the morning or after sitting
Swelling or warmth around the joint
Grinding or cracking sounds when moving your knee
Decreased range of motion or difficulty with daily tasks like stairs, standing up, or walking long distances
How Physical Therapy Can Help
Physical therapy is one of the most effective, non-surgical treatments for knee arthritis. A tailored PT program focuses on:
Strengthening the muscles that support your knee (especially the quadriceps and hips)
Improving flexibility and joint mobility to reduce stiffness
Gait and posture training to take pressure off the joint
Pain management techniques, such as manual therapy, modalities, and activity modification
Your physical therapist can also teach you how to protect your joints while staying active and doing the things you love.
Other Helpful Strategies
In addition to PT, managing knee arthritis may include:
Maintaining a healthy weight to reduce stress on the knee
Using low-impact exercise (like swimming or cycling)
Wearing supportive footwear
Considering anti-inflammatory strategies (as recommended by your healthcare provider)